Canada's regions, provinces, territories, and their capitals.
The country at a glance
- Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories.
- Ottawa, in Ontario, is the capital of Canada — chosen in 1857 by Queen Victoria.
- Canada is the second-largest country in the world by area.
Atlantic Provinces
- Newfoundland and Labrador (capital: St. John's) — easternmost point of North America.
- Prince Edward Island (capital: Charlottetown) — smallest province; the 'Birthplace of Confederation' (1864 conference).
- Nova Scotia (capital: Halifax) — most populous Atlantic province; major shipping centre.
- New Brunswick (capital: Fredericton) — Canada's only officially bilingual province.
Central Canada
- Quebec (capital: Quebec City; largest city: Montreal) — home to most French-speaking Canadians; civil-law tradition; Quebec City is the only walled city north of Mexico.
- Ontario (capital: Toronto) — most populous province; Toronto is Canada's largest city and financial centre; Niagara Falls is here.
Prairie Provinces
- Manitoba (capital: Winnipeg) — agriculture and Aboriginal heritage; Winnipeg is the historic hub of the Métis.
- Saskatchewan (capital: Regina) — large grain producer; home to the RCMP training academy.
- Alberta (capital: Edmonton) — largest oil and gas producer; Calgary is famous for the Calgary Stampede.
West Coast
- British Columbia (capital: Victoria; largest city: Vancouver) — Pacific gateway, forestry, mining, film, tourism.
- Port of Vancouver is Canada's largest and busiest port.
Northern Territories
- Yukon (capital: Whitehorse) — famous for the Klondike Gold Rush (1890s).
- Northwest Territories (capital: Yellowknife) — diamond mining; many Aboriginal peoples.
- Nunavut (capital: Iqaluit) — created in 1999; 'Nunavut' means 'our land' in Inuktitut.
- The territories together cover about one third of Canada's land mass.